This book examines the current evidence and research supporting the importance of oxidative injury in selected animal models of both neurodegenerative diseases and neural injury. Each chapter discusses oxidative injury in a selected model, analyzing the major cellular mechanisms that underpin the progression of neural injury. In addition to the analysis of these models, each chapter’s purpose is to not only relate, but to also contrast the specific injury across models as a way of identifying the common and unique pathways of oxidative neural injury. Through this, each author presents possible fertile future directions for translational research for the identification of possible therapeutics.